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传统处理含油废水的方法普遍效率低、能耗高，而膜分离技术节能高效，在油水分离领域前景广阔。聚偏氟乙烯(Polyvinylidene Fluoride,PVDF)膜作为膜分离技术中的常见材料，化学性能稳定。但其固有的疏水性易导致膜表面油污染和膜孔堵塞，严重影响分离效率。为解决上述问题，本研究提出一种采用邻苯三酚(Pyrogallol,PG)和ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-Polylysine,ε-PL)的协同改性策略。通过浸渍法在PVDF膜表面构建超亲水/水下超疏油功能层，以降低膜材料与水相间的界面能，提高筛分效率。同时对改性膜的表面结构、化学稳定性及油水分离等性能进行探究。结果表明，当PG与ε-PL的质量比为0.1∶0.175时，经PG/ε-PL改性的PVDF膜表现出最优的亲水性能，水接触角降至0°。且其对4种不同油品的水下油接触角均超过150°，显示出优异的润湿选择性。该膜对多种油水体系的分离效率均保持在99%以上，其中对水包正己烷乳液的分离效率和通量分别可达99.63%和495.57L·m-2·h-1。本研究改进的膜还表现出良好的稳定性和水下抗油黏附性能，为开发高效环保的油水分离膜提供了新思路。
Abstract：Conventional methods for treating oily wastewater exhibit low efficiency and high energy consumption. In comparison, membrane separation technology offers significant advantages, including lower operational cost and high processing efficiency, making it a promising approach for widespread application. As a common material used in membrane technology, polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) exhibits stable chemical properties. However, its inherent hydrophobicity makes it prone to oil fouling and pore blockage, which severely compromises separation efficiency. To address these issues, a synergistic modification strategy utilizing pyrogallol(PG) and ε-polylysine(ε-PL) was proposed in this study. A superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic surface was constructed on the PVDF membrane via a simple immersion method to reduce the interfacial energy between the membrane material and the water phase, thereby enhancing separation selectivity. Meanwhile, the surface structure, chemical stability, and oilwater separation properties of the modified membrane were investigated. Experimental results demonstrated that at a PG-to-ε-PL mass ratio of 0.1 to 0.175, the modified membrane exhibits optimal hydrophilicity, with a water contact angle of 0°. Furthermore, it shows underwater oil contact angles greater than 150° for four different oils, indicating excellent wettability selectivity. The modified membrane achieves over 99% separation efficiency for oilwater mixtures. Specifically, for n-hexane-in-water emulsions, the separation efficiency and flux reach 99.63% and 495.57 L·m-2·h-1, respectively. In addition, the membrane modified in this study also exhibits good chemical stability and underwater anti-oil adhesion performance, which provides a new idea for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly oil-water separation membranes.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19370/j.cnki.cn10-1886/ts.2026.02.024
中图分类号:TQ051.893;X703
引用信息:
[1]刘曼,周连仓,于泽洋,等.超亲水聚偏氟乙烯膜的制备及性能研究[J].印刷与数字媒体技术研究,2026,No.241(02):223-234.DOI:10.19370/j.cnki.cn10-1886/ts.2026.02.024.
2026-04-10
2026-04-10